Network on Chip (NoC) arises as a scalable approach for high-performance embedded systems design. However, by using an entire communication network inside a integrated circuit rises new challenges. This book describes the task mapping problem for NoC, and proposes a solution based on the Population-Based Incremental Learning Algorithm. Several tests were performed to such algorithm and a Reliability figure of merit was integrated as an optimization criterium, for the sake of provide dependable behavior to the mapped application.